Back دب الكيرمود Arabic دب الكيرمود ARZ Rupol (Ursus americanus kermodei) AVK Kermod ayısı Azerbaijani Ursus americanus kermodei Breton Os de Kermode Catalan Baribal bílý Czech Kermodebjørn Danish Kermodebär German Ursus americanus kermodei Spanish
| Kermode bear | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Carnivora |
| Family: | Ursidae |
| Genus: | Ursus |
| Species: | |
| Subspecies: | U. a. kermodei
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| Trinomial name | |
| Ursus americanus kermodei Hornaday, 1905
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The spirit bear, sometimes called the kermode bear (Ursus americanus kermodei), is a subspecies of the American black bear and lives in the Central and North Coast regions of British Columbia, Canada.[2] It is the official provincial mammal of British Columbia and symbol of Terrace, British Columbia.[3][4] While most Kermode bears are black, between 100 and 500 fully white individuals exist.[5] The white variant is known as spirit bear, and is most common on three islands in British Columbia (Gribbell, Princess Royal, and Roderick), where they make up 10–20% of the Kermode population.[6] Spirit bears hold a prominent place in the oral traditions of the indigenous peoples of the area. They have also been featured in a National Geographic documentary[7] and in the BBC TV series Planet Earth III[8]
- ^ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
- ^ "Spirit Bear Facts". British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture and Lands. Archived from the original on 2013-07-02. Retrieved 2009-12-03.
- ^ "Symbols of British Columbia". Office of Protocol. Government of British Columbia. Archived from the original on 2007-01-26. Retrieved 2015-03-24.
- ^ "Terrace, British Columbia (Canada)". CRW Flags. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
- ^ Hedrick, Philip W.; Ritland, Kermit (2012-02-01). "Population Genetics of the White-Phased "spirit" Black Bear of British Columbia". Evolution. 66 (2): 305–313. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01463.x. ISSN 1558-5646. PMID 22276530.
- ^ Ritland, Kermit; Newton, Craig; Marshall, H.Dawn (2001). "Inheritance and population structure of the white-phased "Kermode" black bear". Current Biology. 11 (18): 1468–1472. Bibcode:2001CBio...11.1468R. doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(01)00448-1. PMID 11566108. S2CID 15846139.
- ^ Last Stand of the Great Bear. National Geographic. 2006. ISBN 0-7922-4110-X.
- ^ "Forests, Planet Earth III Series 1 Episode 5 of 8". BBC. Retrieved 2023-11-19.